What is an impact crusher and how does it work ?

An impact crusher is a type of machinery used in the mining and construction industries for crushing materials into smaller pieces. Here’s how it works:

Working Mechanism:

1. Feeding: Material is fed into the machine through a hopper and typically falls into a chamber where a rotor or horizontal shaft is spinning at high speed.

2. Rotor: The rotor has projecting bars or hammers attached to it. As the rotor spins, these hammers strike the material, shattering it upon impact.

3. Impact Plate: The crushed materials then hit impact plates or breaker bars inside the crusher housing, which further breaks them down into smaller pieces.

4. Screening: Finally, the crushed material passes through a screen that controls the size of the output. Larger pieces are recirculated back into the crusher for further reduction.

Key Components:

• Hopper: Used to feed the material into the crusher.
• Rotor or Horizontal Shaft: Spins rapidly to deliver energy for crushing.
• Hammers or Blow Bars: Attached to the rotor to strike the material.
• Impact Plates or Breaker Bars: Stations where further crushing occurs.
• Discharge Opening: Allows the crushed material to exit the machine.

Types of Impact Crushers:

1. Horizontal Shaft Impact Crushers (HSI): The rotor spins horizontally in these models.
2. Vertical Shaft Impact Crushers (VSI): The rotor spins vertically.

Applications:

• Rock quarries
• Sand and gravel
• Mining operations
• Recycled concrete

Key Advantages:

• High Efficiency: Rapidly reduces material size.
• Versatility: Suitable for a wide range of materials and industries.
• Customizable Output: Adjustable settings to control the size of the output material.

Impact crushers are essential tools for reducing large, solid chunks of raw material into finer particles for further processing or for use in construction.